Lionel Hasse

Which doctorate figures for 2025 are reliable, where Destatis publishes the breakdown by subject and gender, and how to read the tables correctly.

How Beihilfe is calculated in Bavaria, where the reimbursement rates are set, how to work out your share of costs and when a private top-up makes sense.

How to submit a Beihilfe claim during your Referendariat: receipts, deadlines, thresholds and the steps up to reimbursement, with an example.

What you earn during your Referendariat in Bavaria, how health aid (Beihilfe) works and how it fits with private health insurance. Figures, date and sources included.

Traineeship in another German state: why trainee pay and health aid differ by state, what changes when you move and what to clarify before you start.

What to clarify about trainee pay, state health aid and health insurance during teacher training in Thuringia, with federal calculation values and sources.

The living-cost allowance in the legal traineeship in Bremen: basic amount with its date, open questions on health insurance and side jobs, and a worked example.

How the living allowance (Unterhaltsbeihilfe) for the Bavarian legal clerkship is calculated, when it is reduced, how side jobs count and which health insurance fits.

There is no total count of doctorates. The latest Destatis figures for 2025 on doctoral candidates and completed doctorates, and how to read them.

What you receive during the legal traineeship (Rechtsreferendariat) in Saxony, how you are insured and what a side job does to your pay. With dates and sources.